The present invention relates to technical means for collecting, processing and analyzing vehicle data, in particular using GLONASS/GPS navigation technology. The technical result is greater transparency and social justice in the levying of vehicle taxes, taking into consideration a road network use factor and information about the owner of a vehicle. The claimed system for automatically registering and monitoring the levying of a socially just vehicle tax includes at least one identification device and at least one data collection, processing and storage centre, which are connected to one another by wireless data transmission means, wherein the identification device includes a GLONASS/GPS signal receiver, a unit for determining the coordinates of a vehicle, a memory unit and a wireless data transmission device, which are combined in a single housing that is fixedly mounted on a vehicle, and the data collection, processing and storage centre includes a module 1 for calculating the distance travelled by a vehicle, taking into consideration road network parameters, a module 2 for calculating a factor for the use of a road network by a vehicle owner, a module 3 for calculating a vehicle tax for a vehicle owner, a road network database, a database of vehicle owners and a database of tax levies and fees.
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