The present invention relates to a prevention method for preventing natural disasters which, more specifically, predicts flood in a more correct and detailed manner by collecting weather information data. A flash flood monitoring method using a soil moisture amount comprises the following steps of: collecting weather information of an area unit; calculating the soil moisture amount with respect to the area unit from the weather information; and calculating, in real time, a flash flood index for the area unit by using the weather information and the soil moisture amount. According to the present invention, the flash flood monitoring system rapidly and sensitively responds to a candidate risk area based on the weather information, collected at time intervals, by considering the state of soil moisture. The flash flood monitoring system provides the maximum indexes at a time point of flash flood damage while minimizing warnings and alarms of a flash flood by a weight value optimization algorithm.
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