The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a power generating part generating a rotational force from an externally applied power source and a piston connected to the power generating part by a crankshaft and receiving a rotational force generated by the power generating part, A crankshaft rotatably supported by the crankshaft, and a crankshaft rotatably supported by the crankshaft, the crankshaft being rotatably supported by the crankshaft, And a bottom dead center portion for providing and fixing the rotational force of the shaft to transmit the power through the pair of first and second clutches so that the piston stops one stroke, The combustion result of one cycle can be closely observed, and secondly, it is possible to observe the result of combustion in the piston connecting portion after the connecting rod The present invention provides a rapid compression / expansion device having a direct-acting rail, capable of adjusting the length of the connecting rod, and experimenting with various compression ratios.;
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