The invention provides a navigation method for Mars capture phase based on the combination of celestial velocity measurement and ground radio. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the distance between the probe and the ground through radio ranging of a ground station; obtaining the radial velocity between the probe and the ground station through radio Doppler velocity measurement of the ground station; obtaining the radial velocity between the probe and a star by the probe through navigation sensor for autonomous velocity measurement; obtaining the position and velocity estimations of space-ground combined navigation through the extended Kalman filter (EKF). Compared with the navigation solely relying on the terrestrial radio, the autonomous celestial observation of the probe is added in the method of the invention, so that the navigation accuracy can be effectively improved.
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