The present invention relates to a remote observation system and method for aerosol, cloud and rainfall. The remote observation system according to the present invention includes: a radar for calculating a rain cloud profile; a GNSS for calculating total rain cloud profiles; a radiometer for calculating a light cloud profile; and a lidar for calculating an aerosol profile. The remote observation method according to the present invention includes: the first step of calculating a rain cloud profile by means of a radar; the second step of calculating total rain cloud profiles by means of a GNSS; the third step of calculating a light cloud profile by means of a radiometer; and the fourth step for calculating an aerosol profile by means of a lidar.
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