Illumination and observation system for ophthalmic microscopes, ophthalmic microscopes, and microscopy using four red reflex observation pupils

摘要

The present invention relates to an illumination and observation system (1) for a microscope (2), in particular a microscope used in performing eye surgery, a microscope and microscopy. The illumination and observation system (1) comprises a first observation pupil (4), a second observation pupil (5), a third observation pupil (8) for the eyes of two observers, eg surgeons and assistants. ) And the fourth observation pupil (9) and the first observation pupil (4), the third observation pupil (8) and the fourth observation pupil (9) to form a red reflex (13), Coaxial illumination (6, 10, 11) in the first observation pupil (4), third observation pupil (8) and fourth observation pupil (9), and main illumination (2) in the second observation pupil (5) 7). In order to provide a wide range of ambient illumination, the main illumination is coaxial illumination (6, 4) in any of the first observation pupil (4), the third observation pupil (8) and the fourth observation pupil (9). Has a larger illumination field than 10, 11). In particular, in order to provide an excellent observation quality for the observer using the second observation pupil (5), and in order to make it possible to form a visible uniform red reflex in the second observation pupil (5). In addition, according to the present invention, the main illumination overlaps at least 50% with the second observation pupil (5) in order to form a red reflex (13) in the second observation pupil (5). Further refinements are the alignment of the main illumination (7) within ± 5 ° with respect to the optical axis (12) of the second observation pupil (5) and the first of the coaxial illumination (6, 10, 11). It relates to an overlap of at least 50% with each of the observation pupil (4), the third observation pupil (8) and the fourth observation pupil (9).