The present invention relates to the field of optical function materials, and specifically, to a near-infrared light excited fluorescent dye having a structure represented by formula (I). The emission wavelength of the near-infrared light excited fluorescent dye ranges from 700 nm to 1200 nm, and in the range, the fluorescent light of biomolecules is weak, so that high sensitivity can be obtained by avoiding background interference. A manner for bonding with biomacromolecules is covalent bonding; the near-infrared light excited fluorescent dye has a simple structure, good light stability and high sensitivity, can be used in different application fields such as cell imaging, fluorescence probes, laser dyes and fluorescence sensors, and has good practicability. The preparation method provided in the present invention has low raw material costs, does not produce pollution, needs simple technologies and has a high yield; the prepared fluorescent dye has a novel structure and good performance, and is suitable for being widely used in the fields such as biology and environments.
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