BIOLOGICAL-ORIGIN WASTE MATERIAL MIXTURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FUEL INTENDED FOR DIRECT COMBUSTION AND A METHOD OF FUEL PRODUCTION FROM BIOLOGICAL-ORIGIN WASTE MATERIALS

摘要

Mixture of biological-origin waste materials, biodegradable, containing the biogenic elements, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen, for the production of direct combustion fuel, located in an aerobic environment in the presence of air oxygen and other atmospheric gases. It contains starting humidity of 40-70% by weight of water and at least 25% by weight of organic substances, while the total weight of the mixture is at least 3,000 kg and is piled up to a height of max. 3 m to a vertical axial cross section shape in the form of an isosceles or equilateral triangle or trapezoid or rectangle. The mixture is composed of two basic groups of substances: for one thing, succulent substances (1) having a water content of 5-98% by weight as a source of inoculum of microflora and water, and for another, non-succulent substances (2) in a quantity of at least 15% of the total weight of the mixture as a source of reducing agents and structural substances. The succulent substances (1) are meant at least one type of sludge-kind material that is composed of a liquid phase and a solid phase dispersed in the liquid phase. The non-succulent substances (2) are materials containing cellulose with a fraction of 15-750 mm. The succulent substances (1) are sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants (la) and/or sludge from industrial wastewater treatment plants (1b) and/or less sludgy materials (1c). Non-succulent substances (2) are lignocellulosic materials (2a) and/or packaging and their parts from commercial and/or communal areas (2b) and/or other materials (2c) containing cellulose. The method of fuel production from biological-origin waste materials, total composition of which is in accordance with the invention, where individual components are deposited into layers under normal atmospheric conditions to form the mixture, while the individual components are selected and/or added according to the humidity content, the initial humidity of the mixture being 40-70% of mixture weight, while the resulting looseness of the mixture allows for the independent keeping of the piled up shape. Subsequently, they are mechanically mixed into a homogeneous composition and uniform distribution of the humidity, and they are piled up as a mixture into a shape with a maximum height of 4 m, which drops down to the required height of 3 m after sinking. Then, surface desiccation of the mixture related to the mixture flings is observed, where the mixture is mixed mechanically and/or pneumatically and re-homogenized if the flings occur; at the same time, leakages from the lower mixture part are monitored. If any leakage occurs due to an excessive sinking or humidity permeation into the lower layer, the mixture is mechanically and/or pneumatically mixed and re-homogenized. At the same time, the temperature progress is monitored at least 0.8 m above the base and at least 0.8 m below the mixture surface, while the mixture is re-mixed in the case of premature temperature stagnation. The process ends when temperature fluctuations are stopped at a stable temperature of maximum 40 °C.