An ultra-high-frequency near-field RFID antenna and an ultra-high-frequency near-field RFID reader. The antenna comprises a first dielectric layer (6A), a second dielectric layer (6B) and a plurality of short-circuiting posts (3A, 3B, 3C and 3D), wherein a floor copper-clad layer (5) is arranged between the first dielectric layer (6A) and the second dielectric layer (6B); the first dielectric layer (6A) is provided with two micro-strip power splitters (1A and 1B); each of the micro-strip power splitters (1A and 1B) comprises two output arms, and orthogonal feeding is carried out between the two output arms; each output arm is respectively connected to one end of one short-circuiting post; the floor copper-clad layer (5) is provided with via holes for the short-circuiting posts (3A, 3B, 3C and 3D) to pass through; and the second dielectric layer (6B) is provided with two first radiation patches (L1 and L2) and at least one second radiation patch (2) coupled to the first radiation patches (L1 and L2), and the other end of each of the short-circuiting posts (3A, 3B, 3C and 3D) is connected to the first radiation patches (L1 and L2).
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