Method for the extraction of metals from concentrated sulphate minerals containing metals by direct reduction with regeneration and recycling of reducing agent iron and flux sodium carbonate

摘要

The invention entitled " Method for Extracting Metals from Concentrated Sulfate Minerals Containing Metal by Direct Reduction with Regeneration and Recycling of Sulfate Iron and Flux Carbonate Sodium " As an alternative to the conventional process of extracting, an improved direct reduction process, that is, a process that minimizes environmental pollution, which does not generate sulfur dioxide emissions and slags that occur in conventional metallurgy, is applied. And the regeneration and recycling of the reducing agent, iron and the fluxed sodium carbonate, substantially reduce the metallurgical process operating cost Nowadays, the extraction of metals from mining activities is carried out by conventional and modern processes. On the one hand there is a process of conventional high temperature dry metallurgy involving the pretreatment of minerals before extraction of the metal from the melting furnace and on the other hand the sulphate mineral is first tossed and then the molten metal to be extracted There is a combined process of high temperature dry, wet and electroless metallurgy, which is leached and electrodeposited. However, this process is highly contaminating. In the case of the latest process, biomass metallurgy can be seen which has the disadvantage that the process is slow, using a vaporizer for metal extraction. On the other hand, wet metallurgy is used at high pressures, and involves high investment and operating costs. The new metallurgical process consists of: - extraction of metal from the melting furnace using iron as the reducing agent and sodium carbonate as the flux - Selective dissolution and water oxidation of sodium sulphide from slag and filtration of ferrous iron - Regeneration of sodium carbonate for recycling - Removal of hydrogen sulfide and acquisition of elemental sulfur - sintering ferrous oxide agglomerates for subsequent reduction of ferrous metals - generation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen which are reducing gases - Regeneration of metallic iron for recycling from ferric oxide The proposed technology innovation combines a unique high temperature dry and wet metallurgy process which, unlike the prior art, does not require toasting pretreatment of sulfate mineral concentrates and has advantages over currently available processes both technically and economically, This is due to the direct reduction of the oxidation number of the metal to zero, using a single reactor for metal extraction. This regenerates and recycles metallurgical inputs into complementary processes, at high speeds in chemical reaction kinetics, and all without the production of slag and polluting gases. As a result, metal extraction is achieved at low operating costs and in an environmentally sustainable manner, i.e. avoiding high environmental restoration costs. It is important to note that the proposed invention can also solve problems that have not been solved to date due to years of cumulative and costly involvement due to mining activities that are not environmentally responsible and applied to the treatment of tailings and environmental obligations Do. As a result, applying this process increases the economic viability of mining projects even under the scenario of lower metal prices. The associated processes allow mining companies to obtain lower cutoff and cash costs for their extraction activities and eventually generate higher profits from metal exports than mineral concentrate exports. In addition, it is a clean, environmentally friendly technology that radically reduces mine closure costs. As a result, this process provides a higher level of profitability and sustainability of mining activity. On the other hand, due to the gradual performance of the proposed process in mining activity, the government will benefit from higher trade revenues due to increased exports and higher tax revenues generated by higher corporate profits. Eventually, this will have a positive impact on local and local governments with higher revenues generated by mining royalties. The increase in mining activity will not only stimulate the economy of other sectors such as steel, metal processing and construction, but also will be the source of direct and indirect employment creation. In addition, the cost of environmental cleanup is low. In other words, it has the potential to enable the government to generate higher profits and thereby expand the socio-economic well-being of its inhabitants. Advantages of this technological innovation in the environment sector include its range from recycling of recycled and recycled inputs, removal of slag and pollutant gases from the extraction process, as well as existing environmental obligations as well as the current mining activity to the purification of tailings, Reduce pollution, and reduce the impact on nature reserves. That is, it significantly reduces the environmental footprint of mining activity. Finally, as a result of the above, the present invention improves the health standards of local residents in close proximity to mines by reducing emissions and toxic waste and by eliminating the risk of potential dam breaks in tailings. Similarly, mining activities increase the commercial viability of mine projects by reducing the likelihood of social conflicts by stopping interference with the agriculture, fisheries and livestock activities of residents, which in turn leads to increased social work and increased It can be interpreted as income. As a result, this innovative process for the extraction of metals has the capacity to generate mining activities, the environment, and harmony among residents.