A video encoding device uses motion-compensated inter-frame prediction for each block by dividing an image into blocks each having a predetermined size, designating one component value of a plurality of component values of a motion vector (MV) between an encoding target block and a neighboring block as a first component value, designating another component value as a second component value, and encoding each of the first component value and the second component value, and includes a first component encoding means which encodes a difference value of a first component and a second component encoding means which obtains a probability of occurrence of a candidate value for the second component value of the MV of the encoding target block based on a difference value between the first component value of the MV of the neighboring block and the first component value of the MV of the encoding target block and the second component value of the MV of the neighboring block, specifies a codeword of the second component value based on the occurrence probability, and encodes the second component value.
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