The present disclosure discloses a method for determining ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in a water body. The method may include (1) screening representative species of a water ecological system in a region; (2) obtaining toxicity data of benzoapyrene; (3) calculating benzoapyrene concentration values HC5 of 95% of species in the protected water ecological system; (4) determining types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants and corresponding environmental concentrations thereof by sampling, and analyzing concentration distribution characteristics of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; (5) calculating ecological risk quotient values RQi of specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants; and (6) calculating a total ecological risk quotient value RQt and confirming concrete ecological risks. The method may analyze whether potential risks caused by the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants are acceptable, and determine whether the total level of the ecological risks of the water body needs to be controlled.
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