The present invention provides an FPGA based data acquisition card, data acquisition system and data acquisition method. The FPGA based data acquisition card comprises: a plurality of bus control modules and a plurality of sensor acquisition modules constructed on an FPGA on the basis of a soft core, the plurality of bus control modules being used to acquire bus data of each of a plurality of bus devices, the plurality of sensor acquisition modules being used to acquire sensor data on a plurality of sensors; and a controller on the FPGA, the controller being used to send the acquired bus data and sensor data to a processing device connected to the data acquisition card. The solution of the present invention realizes an integrated hardware solution for E2E data acquisition, and can improve the scalability of a system while securing the stability of the system.
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