Disclosed in the present application are a near-eye optical imaging system, a near-eye optical imaging system-based near-eye display device, and a near-eye display device-based head-mounted display device. The near-eye optical imaging system comprises: a first microlens array, which comprises multiple first microlenses; a second microlens array, which is arranged side by side with the first microlens array and which comprises multiple second microlenses; the multiple first microlenses in the first microlens array correspond to the multiple second microlenses in the second microlens array respectively to form multiple optical channels. According to the present invention, an object located within a near-eye range is imaged by means of using two microlens arrays in combination.
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