Disclosed is an efficient and verifiable multi-keyword sorting searchable encryption method supporting preference search and logical search. A data owner encrypts a document and constructs a ciphertext index based on a document collection, and generates summary information of the document by using a key and a document content and then sends to a cloud server a ciphertext document and the encrypted index and summary information; a data user shares key information generated by the data owner, and generates a query trapdoor according to the query and sends to the cloud server the encrypted query trapdoor and the number K of documents to be acquired; after receiving the ciphertext index and the query trapdoor, the cloud server executes a secure inner product operation, searches for the K documents most relevant to the user query and sorts same according to the related scores with the query, then generates a verification object, and finally returns the most relevant K documents and the verification object to the data user;and the data user verifies the accuracy and completeness of the returned results by means of a verification algorithm.
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