The present invention relates to a firefighting safety device for saving a life in an apartment house, which enables residents of an apartment house to temporarily stably breathe when fire breaks out in the apartment house, by using a breathing system installed in the state of being hung in the air right under ceiling illuminations along a path such as a corridor and emergency stairs and, at same time, also enables the residents to rapidly evacuate by accurately finding the direction of an emergency exit while visually checking an arrow for emergency exit guidance, which is not covered by toxic gas and is positioned on the upper side of the breathing system. According to the present invention, the firefighting safety device for saving a life in an apartment house comprises a housing, a rotation and reverse rotation motor, the breathing system, an air blower, a smoke sensor, a control unit, a power supply unit, and an illumination module. The breathing system comprises an air storage container, an air supply hose, an opening and closing valve, a mask, and a transparent eye patch.
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