Global radio-acoustic system for monitoring the fields of the atmosphere, ocean and the earth's crust in the marine environment and recognition of the sources of their formation

摘要

FIELD: physics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydrophysics, geophysics and radiophysics. It is based on a combination of fundamental developments of the GLONASS global navigation system, the Gonets communication system, as well as the development of a large-scale radio-acoustic system for monitoring the atmospheric, oceanic and crustal fields in the marine environment as the Unified Information Space of the Earth. Global radio-hydro-acoustic system for monitoring atmospheric, oceanic and crustal fields in the marine environment and recognition of sources of their formation includes a basic (scalable) luminal parametric monitoring system containing one radiating and three receiving acoustic transducers installed on opposite boundaries of the controlled environment, zone of nonlinear interaction formation therein and luminous and measurable information waves of different physical nature parametric transformation. Radiation path of the system includes a serially connected signal generator of a stabilized frequency in the range of tens to hundreds of hertz, power amplifier signals and connected to it through the matching unit and then through the cables underwater converters (emitters) of luminous acoustic signals. Receiving path of the main monitoring system contains a spectral analysis line of the received nonlinearly transformed luminescent signals, including a series-connected switch of all analysis lines, frequency converter of the frequency-time scale of the received signals into the high-frequency region, a narrow-band analyzer of their spectrum and a functionally connected recorder, as well as three lines of correlation analysis, containing serially connected blocks for measuring the correlation function of signals between the middle and the edge receiving transducers, blocks of measurement of the function of their mutual correlation and the analyzer (computer) of the information measured by all lines. Working zone of nonlinear interaction formation therein and luminous and measurable information waves of different physical nature parametric transformation, ocean and the earth's crust are formed in the vertical plane of the controlled medium as multi-beam spatially-developed parametric antennas, for which purpose three omnidirectional radiating transducers are located in the center of the water area and are installed along the axis, lower and above the axis of the underwater sound channel, and the receiving transducers, combined in three pieces into triangular blocks, are installed in depth similar to the radiators and removed from the emitters at a distance that provides monitoring of the water area. Single hydrophones of each receiving unit, via cables through the receiving line switching unit, are connected to the receiving path analysis lines, further, the outputs of the spectral and correlation analysis lines of the received luminal signals are connected with the input of the analysis block of the complex information (computer) allocated by all lines, and its output through the radio block is connected to an information and analysis center containing a sequentially connected receiver radio block, a system analysis unit and a transmitting radio unit whose output is connected to the block of the emitter path generator. Main multichannel luminal parametric system is formed as a complex of vertical multi-beam parametric antennas located in a circle or perimeter of the monitored water area after 45° and oriented from the radiating center to the periphery. Receiving blocks are formed as discrete antennas, in which the distances between transducers (hydrophones) are established in accordance with the correlation properties of the luminal acoustic field. Proposed system is fundamentally different in that the global radio-hydro-acoustic system is formed within the water areas of the seas of the Far Eastern region or in the aggregate space of other maritime economic zones of the Russian Federation. In the structure of the global radio-acoustic system introduced additional subsystems, formed and installed on geographically remote water areas relative to the main (scalable) system. Main system and additional subsystems are equipped with different radiating and receiving paths with their underwater radiators and receiving blocks. Each element (hydrophone) of receiving blocks through a multicore submarine cable is connected to a corresponding line of neural network analysis, that are incorporated in all receiving paths to automatically determine the degree of belonging of the investigated spectral region to the classification object. Each neural network analysis line includes a serially connected managed switch, a neural network recognition and classification unit, block of cumulative analysis, the output of which is connected to the analysis block allocated by all lines of information. Receiving paths through communication channels through the switching unit are connected with the Single Information and Analy