METHOD FOR FIRE EXPLOSION PROTECTION OF A TANK WITH OIL PRODUCTS, A METHOD OF CONTROLLING AN EMERGENCY DEPRESSURIZATION DEVICE AND A DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

摘要

FIELD: methods of explosion protection.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for fire-explosion protection of a tank with flammable and combustible liquids with a stationary roof, which provides emergency release of the vapor-gas mixture from the free volume of the tank in case of an emergency. Method for fire-explosion protection of a tank with oil products involves controlling pressure of a vapor-gas mixture in a steam air space of a tank, controlling emission of a vapor-gas mixture from said space with subsequent purification and cooling to the condensation temperature of oil product vapor, conducting the process of phlegmatization of the vapor-gas mixture, and extinguishing the fire source with available fire extinguishing means, at that at every abnormal steam-gas mixture pressure rise in tank vapor-air space there created are local depressurization zones in stationary reservoir roof and additional emergency release of steam-gas mixture from steam-air space of tank is performed to atmosphere till pressure values of vapor-gas mixture are brought to said values to safe values. Method for control of emergency depressurization device includes creation of local zones of depressurization in stationary roof of tank and application of facilities for sealing and depressurization of stationary roof, when creating local depressurization zones in the stationary roof of the tank in the latter, additional holes are made for the emergency release of the vapor-gas mixture from the steam-air volume of the tank, wherein the area of holes is determined based on the provision of safe pressure equalization of the vapor-gas mixture in said volume, and as a means of holding the hatch at the moment of maximum critical ejection of the vapor-gas mixture from the vapor-air volume of the tank and the means for returning the hatch to the initial position, an elastic flexible element is used, elasticity of the flexible element is selected depending on the critical pressure of the vapor-gas mixture vapor-air volume of the tank created at sudden change of pressure of the vapor-gas mixture in the said volume. Device for control of emergency depressurization of holes in stationary roof of tank with oil products includes hatches mounted in stationary roof of tank with possibility of their holes, device of retention of each hatch and its return to initial position. Said device is presented in the form of an elastic flexible element made, for example, in the form of a rubber bundle made of heat-resistant material, wherein one end of the bundle is fixed near the hatch on the stationary roof of the tank, and the second end – on the rocker arm of the rotary part of the hatch.;EFFECT: disclosed technical solution is simple in operation and makes it possible to increase efficiency of fire-explosion protection of tank with oil products in case of emergency.;3 cl, 5 dwg