PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES FROM BIOMASS SUCH AS WOOD, BARK, CEREAL STRAW, LEAVES, HERBACEOUS PLANTS AND ALSO TREE FUNGI, SEWAGE SLUDGE AND OTHER ORGANIC WASTES

摘要

The invention relates to a process for the chemical synthesis of humic substances from biomass, wherein the process comprises the following process steps. Initially a Maillard reaction is performed by heating the first biomass in particular for 1 to 30 minutes, especially for 10 to 15 minutes, and in particular to 150-250°C, especially to 160-220°C, particularly preferably to 170-190°C. The obtained soluble impurities are extracted from the obtained second biomass using water. The remaining first solid is subjected to torrefaction under a protective gas atmosphere at 180-300°C, in particular at 190-250°C, in particular for 0.2 to 4 hours, especially for 1.5 to 2.5 hours. An obtained torrefied second solid is heated with an excess of a solution of a strong inorganic acid to 120-180°C, in particular to 110-170°C, especially to 130-165°C, in particular for 0.5 to 3 hours, especially for 1.5 to 2.5 hours. The obtained first reaction mixture is filtered and washed with water.