A high-precision fiber-optic gyroscope inertial measurement device calibration method, comprising the following steps: S1, respectively forwardly turning a fiber-optic gyroscope inertial measurement device by 90°, 180° and 270° for three times according to three axes of an oi axis (i=X, Y and Z), reversely rotating the device by 90°, 180° and 270° for three times, and returning to an initial position; and S2, totally moving by 19 positions comprising the 18 turning positions and the initial position, fully exciting the error of the instrument under static and dynamic conditions, and performing optimal estimation by using a parameter estimation method. According to the method, repeated power-up and power-down are not needed, the device only needs to be turned according to a certain sequence so as to identify the parameters, and the influence caused by inconsistent reference in the repeated power-up and calibration process is avoided.
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