An energy consumption management system and an energy consumption management method are provided. The method includes detecting an electricity status of an electronic device at a current time point to generate electricity detection data; calculating an energy consumption parameter set having a plurality of energy consumption parameters; determining a plurality of feature value corresponding to a plurality of feature rules according to the energy consumption parameters and the feature rules, wherein the feature values form a feature set corresponding to the current time point; determining a current energy consumption operation status of the electronic device according to the feature values and an activity model corresponding to the electronic device; and controlling the electronic device according to the current energy consumption operation status and a preset operation schedule of the electronic device. The method further includes learning the activity model according to electricity detection history data of the electronic device.
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