Systems and associated methods relate to classification of documents according to their spectral frequency signatures using a deep neural network (DNN) and other forms of spectral analysis. In an illustrative example, a DNN may be trained using a set of predetermined patterns. A trained DNN may, during runtime, receive documents as inputs, where each document has been converted into a spectral format according to a (2D) Fourier transform. Some exemplary methods may extract periodicity/frequency information from the documents based on the spectral signature of each document. A clustering algorithm may be used in clustering/classification of documents, as well as searching for documents similar to a target document(s). A variety of implementations may save significant time to users in organizing, searching, and identifying documents in the areas of mergers and acquisitions, litigation, e-discovery, due diligence, governance, and investigatory activities, for example.
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