SOLAR CENTRALIZED HEATING SYSTEM BASED ON HEAT BATTERIES

摘要

The invention relates to the field of renewable energy, in particular to thermal systems of civil and industrial buildings, where heat supply (hot water supply and heating) can be applied. The objective of the invention is to develop a seasonal storage system of solar thermal energy in large volumes, solving the problem of energy and environmentally efficient heat supply (hot water and heating) of residential neighborhoods and multi-storey buildings. The technical result that can be achieved by the implementation of the claimed invention is to increase the coefficient of average seasonal use of solar energy, which makes it possible to supply 70-90% of the necessary thermal energy for heating and hot water due to solar energy. In addition, problems associated with daily and seasonal fluctuations in the intensity of solar thermal energy will be resolved, which allows the system to function as a centralized heat supply system all year round regardless of weather. Another achievable technical result of the claimed system is its environmental friendliness due to the use of solar energy, and scalability, that is, the ability to integrate other nearby buildings and microdistricts into a centralized heating network based on the technology of seasonal storage of solar thermal energy. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the technology of seasonal storage of solar thermal energy contains a network of solar collectors, which is a group of parallel connected subgroups. Each subgroup is a series of connected solar collectors, the number of which varies from two or more depending on the required resulting temperature of the coolant. As short-term accumulators, thermal accumulators based on materials for storing high-density energy MHE-VP1 and MHE-VP2 are used. For the case when the system does not sufficiently cover the thermal loads of heating and hot water, an additional boiler is installed between the user unit and the heat exchanger. The system additionally contains an intelligent control unit that has access to temperature, water level, pressure sensors, flow meters, shut-off valves and pumps.