A block chain technology-based authenticity check system, comprising: a plurality of blocks connected in a block chain form, a buffer block and a check file; at least comprising a continuous group one and a continuous group two, the serial number of group one is before that of group two, and the blocks in group one do not overlap with those in group two; and generating a mapping relation between the check file and a second block in group one. The system does not modify the previous block, instead, corrects and records the block with error data on a new block in the future, that is, the original error data is still remained on its corresponding block, and the system as a whole does not tamper any data. The authenticity check system having the correction function can be directly applied to a micro private chain.
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