An improved ant colony algorithm-based path planning method, an apparatus, a terminal and a medium, in the technical field of machine learning. The method comprises: receiving a path planning request input by a user, the path planning request comprising a travel starting point and a travel end point (S10); acquiring each route between the travel starting point and the travel end point, and a safety factor of each of said routes (S20); constructing a node matrix on the basis of the travel starting point, the travel end point and each route (S30); on the basis of the improved ant colony algorithm and the safety factors of each route, searching the node matrix for the shortest path between the travel starting point and the travel end point, and setting that as a target path (S40). The present method, apparatus, terminal and medium, by means of both considering travel safety and a shortest trip or a shortest distance, solve the technical problem in the prior art of map guidance not considering user travel safety.
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