METHOD OF DETERMINING PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ICE HUMMOCK FORMATIONS

摘要

FIELD: vessels and other watercrafts.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to glaciology and ice-technical equipment and can be used for determination of internal structure, distribution of strength, temperature, salinity and density of ice in hummocks and stamukhas, and also allows to estimate the size of both the entire hummocked formation and its parts - sail, consolidated layer and unconsolidated keel part. Internal structure of ice formation (boundaries of ice layers of different density, boundaries and thickness of consolidated layer, porosity) is determined by means of thermal drilling with water or electric drilling device based on a given profile grid; physical and mechanical characteristics of ice in ice hummocked formations are determined on the selected cores at specific points chosen during thermal boiling. At that, local strength of ice is determined by means of probe-indenter in wells obtained during sampling of cores for sail, consolidated layer and unconsolidated part of keel. Determination of sail size of hummocks and stamukhas is performed by multi-rotor drone, equipped photocamera and video camera, and determination of coordinates and height of the sail is carried out in nodal points of the grid of profiles using a satellite geodetic device based on global navigation system GLONASS/GPS or is provided by means of tacheometric survey in mesh points of the grid of profiles with reference to sea level. Determining the size of the keel hummocks and the stamukhas is carried out with the profiling sonar side view, which is lowered into the underwater position through the lanes, cut in the flat ice around the hummock or stamukhas, and visual refinement of operation of the sonar is carried out using a remote-controlled underwater vehicle with a high-resolution photo and video camera, which is lowered into the same lanes as the sonar.;EFFECT: technical result is higher accuracy and information value of obtained data of physical-mechanical and morphometric characteristics of ice hummocked formations and stamukhas.;1 cl, 1 dwg