Disclosed in the present invention is a lofting robot-based automatic monitoring method for bridge pushing, comprising the following steps: selecting a monitoring point of a bridge, and fixing a reflective patch at the point; importing a BIM model into a lofting robot, and selecting several lofting process points according to the monitoring point; the lofting robot setting up a station on a construction coordinate system and aiming at the reflective patch for lofting; and in a pushing process, observing a lateral deviation displayed in a handbook of the lofting robot, and issuing an alarm when the deviation exceeds a limit. The present invention automatically tracks a bridge pushing trajectory by means of the BIM model and the lofting robot, and monitors the pushing deviation situation; the problem of determining the limit value is solved by means of the error conversion of the lateral deviation and the handbook of the lofting robot; several process points are marked by means of dividing the pushing distance, thereby achieving the purpose of the real-time monitoring of the pushing deviation; and the lofting robot is used in bridge pushing monitoring, which thus achieves the integration of measurement technology and BIM technology, simplifies the work procedure and reduces labor costs.
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