The present invention relates to equipment for physically and thermochemically characterising a fog of droplets of dimensions comprised between 1 and 500 µm, in a zone of measurement and comparison with a reference profile comprising illuminating means (1) that are capable of producing an illumination of said measurement zone and image-capturing means (2) including at least one camera (3) that is capable of taking at least one image of said measurement zone illuminated by said illuminating means, which illuminating means comprise at least one monochromatic source that emits in a direction D1 (8) and the image-capturing means (2) comprise a collimating optic and a camera, which is oriented in a direction D2 (7). It also relates to the applications, to a method and to a piece of equipment for controlling quality and for detecting frost.
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