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Graph Isomorphism for K_{3,3}-free and K_5-free graphs is in Log-space

机译:K_ {3,3} -free和K_5-free图的图同构在Log空间中

摘要

Graph isomorphism is an important and widely studied computational problem witha yet unsettled complexity.However, the exact complexity is known for isomorphism of various classes ofgraphs. Recently, cite{DLNTW09} proved that planar isomorphism is complete for log-space.We extend this result %of cite{DLNTW09} further to the classes of graphs which exclude $K_{3,3}$ or $K_5$ asa minor, and give a log-space algorithm.Our algorithm decomposes $K_{3,3}$ minor-free graphs into biconnected and those further into triconnectedcomponents, which are known to be either planar or $K_5$ components cite{Vaz89}. This gives a triconnectedcomponent tree similar to that for planar graphs. An extension of the log-space algorithm of cite{DLNTW09}can then be used to decide the isomorphism problem.For $K_5$ minor-free graphs, we consider $3$-connected components.These are either planar or isomorphic to the four-rung mobius ladder on $8$ verticesor, with a further decomposition, one obtains planar $4$-connected components cite{Khu88}.We give an algorithm to get a uniquedecomposition of $K_5$ minor-free graphs into bi-, tri- and $4$-connected components,and construct trees, accordingly.Since the algorithm of cite{DLNTW09} doesnot deal with four-connected component trees, it needs to be modified in a quite non-trivial way.
机译:图的同构是一个重要且得到广泛研究的计算问题,其复杂性尚未解决。但是,确切的复杂度是各种图的同构所已知的。最近,cite {DLNTW09}证明对数空间的平面同构是完全的。我们将cite {DLNTW09}的结果扩展到图类,这些图类将$ K_ {3,3} $或$ K_5 $排除为小图,并给出对数空间算法。我们的算法将$ K_ {3,3} $次要自由图形分解为双连通图,进一步将其分解为三连通分量,这些分量被称为平面分量或$ K_5 $分量引用了{Vaz89}。这给出了类似于平面图的三连接组件树。然后可以使用cite {DLNTW09}的对数空间算法的扩展来确定同构问题。对于$ K_5 $次要自由图形,我们考虑$ 3 $连通的分量。对于四个正则,它们要么是平面的,要么是同构的。在$ 8 $顶点上的梯级莫比乌斯梯子,经过进一步分解,获得了与$ 4 $连接的平面分量cite {Khu88}。我们给出了一种算法,可以将$ K_5 $次要无图的唯一分解分解为bi,tri和$ 4。 $连接的组件,并相应地构造树。由于cite {DLNTW09}算法不处理四连接的组件树,因此需要以相当不平凡的方式进行修改。

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