Visualizing asymmetric tensors is an important task in understanding fluid dynamics. In this paper, we describe topological analysis and visualization techniques for asymmetric tensor fields on surfaces based on analyzing the impact of the symmetric and antisymmetric components of the tensor field on its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. At the core of our analysis is a reparameterization of the space of 2 x 2 tensors, which allows us to understand the topology of tensor fields by studying the manifolds of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. We present a partition of the eigenvalue manifold using a Voronoi diagram, which allows to segment a tensor field based on its relatively strengths in isotropic scaling, rotation, and anisotropic stretching. Our analysis of eigenvectors is based on the observation that the dual-eigenvectors of a tensor depend solely on the symmetric constituent of the tensor. The anti-symmetric component acts on the eigenvectors by rotating them either clockwise or counterclockwise towards the nearest dual-eigenvector. The orientation and the amount of the rotation are derived from the ratio between the symmetric and anti-symmetric components. We observe that symmetric tensors form the boundary between regions of clockwise flows and regions of counterclockwise flows. Crossing such a boundary results in discontinuities in the major and minor dual eigenvectors. Thus we define symmetric tensors as part of the tensor field topology in addition to degenerate tensors. These observations inspire us to illustrate the topology of the symmetric component and anti-symmetric component simultaneously. We demonstrate the utility of our techniques on an important application from computational fluid dynamics, namely, engine simulation.
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机译:可视化不对称张量是了解流体动力学的重要任务。在本文中,我们通过分析张量场的对称和反对称分量对其特征值和特征向量的影响,描述了表面上非对称张量场的拓扑分析和可视化技术。我们分析的核心是2 x 2张量空间的重新参数化,这使我们能够通过研究特征值和特征向量的流形来了解张量场的拓扑。我们使用Voronoi图呈现特征值流形的分区,该图允许基于张量场在各向同性缩放,旋转和各向异性拉伸中的相对强度来分割张量场。我们对特征向量的分析是基于这样的观察:张量的双特征向量仅取决于张量的对称成分。反对称分量通过朝着最近的双特征向量顺时针或逆时针旋转它们来作用于特征向量。方向和旋转量从对称分量和反对称分量之间的比率得出。我们观察到对称张量形成顺时针流动区域和逆时针流动区域之间的边界。越过这种边界会导致主要和次要双重特征向量不连续。因此,除了退化张量,我们还将对称张量定义为张量场拓扑的一部分。这些发现激励我们同时说明对称分量和反对称分量的拓扑。我们从计算流体动力学(即发动机仿真)的重要应用中证明了我们技术的实用性。
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