Because most link-state routing protocols, such as OSPF arid IS-IS, calculate routes using the Dijkstra algorithm which poses scalability problems implementors often introduce an artificial delay to reduce the number of route calculations Although this delay directly affects IP packet forwarding, it can be acceptable when the network topology does not change often However, when the topology of a network changes frequently, this delay can lead to a complete loss of IP reachability for the affected network prefixes during the unstable period In this paper, we propose the Cached Shortest-path Tree (CST) approach, which speeds up intra-domain routing convergence without extra execution of the Dijkstra algorithm, even if the routing for a network is quite unstable The basic idea of CST is to cache shortest-path trees (SPTs) of network topologies that appear frequently, and use these SPTs to instantly generate a routing table when the topology after a change matches one in the caches CST depends on a characteristic that we found from an investigation of touting instability conducted on the WIDE Internet in Japan That is, under unstable routing conditions both frequently changing Link State Advertisements (LSAs) and their instances tend to be limited At the end of this paper, we show GST's effectiveness by a trace-driven simulation
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