Étude numérique et expérimentale du refroidissement des convertisseurs auxiliaires de puissance dans les trains par convection naturelle, film liquide et caloduc

摘要

This thesis is about a study and optimization of the cooling electric power converters (CVS) used in trains. These components are heavy, noisy, and are not energetically efficient. We analyze other types of economic and efficient cooling. We used Comsol Multiphysics to study numerically CVS cooling by natural convection using the chimney effect and liquid film by exploiting the phase change to evacuate heat. The numerical results are validated with the results from literature and those obtained experimentally. The results have shown that natural convection is not sufficient to evacuate the heat and the cooling by liquid film represents an interesting solution. We also studied experimentally the effect of the heat pipe cooling. The influence of the heat distribution was also analyzed to optimize the location of the electronic components in the CVS. A general comparison of all results was proposed to optimize the cooling system.