Analysis of Older Driver Safety Interventions: A Human Factors Taxonomic211 Approach. Proceedings of the ITS America Conference. Held in Washington, DC. in 211 March 1995

摘要

The careful application of human factors design principles and guidelines is211u001eintegral to the development of safe, efficient and usable Intelligent 211u001eTransportation Systems (ITS). One segment of the driving population that may 211u001esignificantly benefit from ITS is older drivers. The population of older drivers 211u001eis steadily increasing and concerns pertaining to their needs, capabilities-and 211u001elimitations will likely intensify. Though older drivers are under-represented in 211u001ecrashes and fatalities relative to their numbers in the U.S. population, their 211u001eper mile crash involvement and fatality rates are higher than other driver 211u001esegments. To address issues related to older drivers, a tool has been developed 211u001eto categorize a spectrum of countermeasures: a taxonomy of safety interventions. 211u001eThis taxonomy provides a framework for examining the problems and research 211u001edirections associated with nine primary areas of focus: (1) Driver Licensing, (2) 211u001eDriver Training/Counseling, (3) Crashworthiness/Occupant Protection, (4) Post-211u001eCrash Medical Care, (5) Behavioral Medicine, (6) Fitness-For-Duty (FFD), (7) 211u001eEnvironmental Issues, (8) Cooperative Systems, and (9) Vehicle Design/Crash 211u001eAvoidance. The taxonomy is structured such that consideration can be given to 211u001eeach primary area independently and in relation to other primary areas. 211u001eConsideration of each area independently, and how they interact with other areas, 211u001emay lead to more comprehensive countermeasures.