Graduate Education Reform in Europe, Asia and The Americas and InternationalMobility of Scientists and Engineers: Proceedings of an NSF Workshop. Held in Washington, DC. on November 17-18, 1998

摘要

As the world's countries recast themselves as 'knowledge-based' economies andbuild up 'national innovation systems,' interest in doctoral education-particularly in science and engineering (S&E)-is increasing around the globe, occasioning a reexamination of its aims and structure. Reforms in doctoral programs in Asia, Europe, and North and South America (the Americas) are aimed at similar concerns: strengthening and expanding doctoral education; making doctoral training relevant to a wider range of occupations than just academic careers; and educating highly qualified professionals who can address problems in the context of broader social, economic, and environmental issues. In order to increase understanding of developments in selected countries in various regions, the Division of Science Resources Studies of the National Science Foundation (NSF) commissioned a number of papers and, on November 17, 1998, held a workshop at NSF headquarters.