Field and Laboratory Evaluation of Energy Dissipators for Culvert and Storm Drain Outlets. Volume I. Modular Energy Dissipators, Internal Energy Dissipators, Rock Channel Protection

摘要

Results of a three part study related to the development and evaluation of precase modular and internal ring energy dissipators as well as riprap protection at culvert outlets are presented. Part 1 deals with the development of a modular energy dissipator for culvert outlets. Results from laboratory and field studies are detailed to show the performance of this type of dissipator at cantilevered and at grade outlets. Part 2 summarizes results obtained from studies related to the evaluation of internal energy dissipators. The study consisted of field instrumentation of a culvert fitted with peripheral roughness elements and measurement of flows. Part 3 describes studies that were undertaken to evaluate the performance of rock channel protection at culvert outlets. Field data was obtained from 400 culvert sites and coupled with statistical studies in evaluating rock protection schemes used for culvert outlet protection.