Development and Testing of a Rapid Multiplex Assay for the Identification of Biological Stains.

摘要

While DNA profiling makes it possible to individualize biological stains, the identification of the stain itself can present forensic serologists with a significant challenge. Current antibody- and enzyme activity-based assays used by forensic practitioners for biological stain identification yield only presumptive results. Positive results with non-target body fluids or cross-reactivity with non-human sources has also been well documented. Some tests can consume unacceptable quantities of precious evidence while for some body fluids (vaginal fluid and menstrual blood) there are simply no available tests at all. This research presented here aims to develop and rigorously test a fast, accurate, and sensitive multiplex assay for the simultaneous identification of saliva, semen, urine, peripheral blood, menstrual blood, and vaginal secretions. This research is based on the following three research phases: 1. Biomarker Identification Utilizing multidimensional protein separation technologies, bioinformatics tool, and tandem mass spectrometry a database of fluid-specific candidate markers will be developed for each body fluid. 2. Biomarker Verification Using the most promising candidates from Phase 1 a targeted multiplex assay will be developed on a Quadruple Time-of-Flight mass spectrometer to verify the specificity of these candidate biomarkers with single source laboratory samples as well as single and mixed source casework type samples.