Survey of Viability of Indigenous Grasses, Forbs, and Shrubs: Techniques of Initial Acquisition and Treatment for Propagation in Preparation for Future Land Reclamation in the Fort Union Basin. Final Report, June 1, 1975-June 30,

摘要

Research begun in 1975 on the biology of indigenous grasses, forbs and shrubs of southeastern Montana clearly shows the complex nature of the systems by which these species reestablish themselves. The diversity found among the species undoubtedly contributes to the stability of the Great Plains vegetation. Some species were found to have very narrow requirements for establishment while others were very plastic. The strategies employed for reestablishment are closely tied to the species phenology, seed vigor and seedling vigor. It appears from this research that considerably less than 50 percent of the common indigenous species of southeastern Montana will easily and rapidly establish on the mine spoils. This research also shows that the probability of establishment success will be enhanced significantly by selection of those species which germinate a large percentage of their seed rapidly and which have seedlings that can maintain their growth through at least a short drought period. Those species were identified in this project. Selection for species that germinate at a broad range of temperatures including cool temperatures, at least down to 10 exp 0 C, will also improve chances of establishment. Finally, many species have been identified for which much more work is needed. Shrubs in particular were difficult to work with. Dormancy-breaking requirements are rather specialized and, therefore, may not be achieved regularly in the field. Other species have such low seed and seedling vigor that their use in reclamation plantings cannot be encouraged. (ERA citation 07:045612)