Estimated Contributions of Swedish and Outside Sources to Background Aerosol Concentrations in Sweden

摘要

A simple atmospheric dispersion model was applied to Swedish and Finnish sources of sulfur, vanadium, nickel, iron, manganese and lead in background atmospheric aerosols measured in the absence of precipitation at Velen, a rural site in south-central Sweden. For atmospheric flow from the northeast gradient, the measured concentrations could be accounted for by Swedish and Finnish sources, within a factor of plus or minus two. For atmospheric flow with a southerly component, however, a substantial fraction (from 50 to 90%) of the measured concentrations cannot be accounted for by Swedish sources. Even allowing for the uncertainties in measurement and the dispersion calculations, it appears that sources outside Sweden have a substantial influence on background concentrations of the above six substances.