Components for Transmission of Very High Power mm Waves (200 kw at 28, 70 and 140 Ghz) in Overmoded Circular Waveguides

摘要

Optimized overmoded circular waveguide components of transmission lines developed for high-power (200 kW) millimeter wave applications at 28, 70, and 140 GHz, as e.g., electron cyclotron resonance heating of plasmas for thermonuclear fusion research with gyrotrons, are described. Axisymmetric, narrow, pencil-like beams with well-defined polarization (HE11 hybrid mode) are used at open-ended corrugated waveguide antennas. The HE11 mode is generated from TE0n gyrotron modes by multistep mode conversion: TE0n yields T001 yields TE11 yields HE11 or TE0n yields TE01 yields TM11 yields HE11. Analyses and measurements on mode transducer systems of the first type at 28 and 70 GHz and of the second type at 140 GHz are reported. In all cases the overall efficiency of the complete mode conversion sequence in the desired mode is 92% to 95%. Mode purity in the transmission lines is conserved by using corrugated gradual waveguide bends with optimized curvature distribution and diameter tapers with nonlinear contours. Highly efficient corrugated-wall mode selective filters decouple the different waveguide sections. Mode content and reflected powere are determined by a k-spectrometer. Absolute power calibration is done with calorimetric loads using an organic absorbing fluid.