Effets Musculosquelettiques et Vestibulaires de l'Exposition Repetee et Prolongeeaux Facteurs de Charge Eleves Soutens (Musculoskeletal and Vestibular Effects of Long Term Repeated Exposure to Sustained High-G)

摘要

Medical concerns of mechanical loading of biological systems during repeatedsustained acceleration exposure of high performance aircraft were expressed during an AGARD conference of 24th-28th April 1989 (AGARD-CP-471) entitled 'Neck Injury in Advanced Military Aircraft Environments'. Biological systems of primary concern were direct effects on the spine causing neurological injury and on the otoliths of the vestibular system causing disorientation related pathologies. In addition, secondary vestibular effects can occur from cervical pathologies. The technical evaluation and overview of that conference expressed concerns that 'large gaps exist in our clinical and biomechanical knowledge of the problems of neck injury in high performance aircraft'. Advisory Report (AR) 317 addresses those concerns with an in-depth review of available pertinent information with recommendations on several courses of action directed towards the spine and vestibular systems. Specific topics covered include: (1) the physical environment of aerial combat maneuvers; (2) anatomy and biomechanics of the spine; (3) G-loading effects on the musculoskeletal system of the spine including risk factors and the prevention of injuries; (4) imaging considerations; (5) high sustained G effects on the vestibular system and methods to test organ dysfunctions; and (6) topical research proposals. Recommendations include: (1) study requirements; (2) aircrew selection training and education; (3) equipment modifications and development; and (4) research requirements. AR 317 contains 215 references.