Estimate of Undulator Magnet Damage Due to Beam Finder Wire Measurements

摘要

Beam Finder Wire (BFW) devices will be installed at each break in the Undulator magnet line. These devices will scan small wires across the beam causing some electrons to lose energy through bremsstrahlung. The degraded electrons are subsequently detected downstream of a set of vertical dipole magnets after they pass through the vacuum chamber. This signal can then be used to accurately determine the beam position with respect to the BFW wire. The choice of the wire diameter, scan speed, and operating parameters, depends on the trade-off between the signal size and the radiation damage to the undulator magnets. In this note I estimate the rate of undulator magnet damage that results from scanning as a function of, wire size, scan speed, and average beam current. A separate analysis of the signal size was carried out by Wu. The damage estimate is primarily based on two sources: the first, Fasso, is used to estimate the amount of radiation generated and then absorbed by the magnets; the second, Alderman et. al., is used to estimate the amount of damage the magnet undergoes as a result of the absorbed radiation. Fasso performed a detailed calculation of the radiation, including neutron fluence, that results from a the electron beam passing through a 100 micron diamond foil inserted just in front of the undulator line. Fasso discussed the signficance of various types of radiation and stated that photoneutrons probably play a major role. The estimate in this paper assumes the neutron fluence is the only significant cause of radiation-induced demagnetization. The specific results I use from Fasso's paper are reproduced here in Figure 1, which shows the radial distribution of the integrated neutron fluence per day in the undulator magnets, and Figure 2, which shows the absorbed radiation dose all along the undulator line. In the longitudinal dimension, Fasso's calculation, (see Figure 2), shows that the radiation dose is widely distributed all along the undulator line, but is highest around 70 m from the front of the undulator line where the foil is. At the 70 m point, for the purpose of calculating the demagnetization, I chose a conservative estimate for the effective neutron flux of 1.0 x 10(sup 13) n/cm(sup 2)/day. As can be seen in Figure 1, this choice is representative of the flux nearest the beam where it is the highest. A less conservative estimate, but perhaps more accurate, estimate of the effective flux, would be the average flux in the magnet block, which is roughly one half as much.