Faster, cheaper radioanalytical methods

摘要

This project focuses on improvement of radioanalytical methods, with an emphasis on faster and cheaper routine methods. The authors have developed improved methods for the separation of environmental levels of technetium-99, radium, and actinides from soil and water; separation of actinides from soil and water matrix interferences; and isolation of strontium. Among the novel techniques for separation that are being used are element and class-specific resins and membranes. The authors have also developed methods for the simultaneous detection of multiple isotopes by using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Because of its mass-selective mode of detection, ICP-MS requires less rigorous chemical separations than does radiochemical analysis. In addition, improvements in the limits of detection, the volume of the sample and the time of analysis were obtained by using other techniques of sample introduction, such as ultrasonic nebulization, automated batch separation and electrothermal vaporization. Investigation of integration and automation of the separation methods with the ICP-MS method using flow injection analysis is underway. A solid scintillation device has been developed and tested for measurement and identification of low-energy beta-emitting radionuclides; application of this technique will eliminate the generation of mixed-waste counting cocktails. The final product of all activities will be methods that are available and are acceptable for use in regulatory situations. Concerted efforts are being made to facilitate implementation of the methods at DOE sites to realize the improvements offered.