Thermal and Other Properties of Refractories

摘要

A semi-theoretical treatment is presented that allows a rapid estimate of high-temperature enthalpies and the enthalpies of vaporization and fusion of refractory materials. This treatment gives the enthalpy of a refractory solid, s, at its melting point (H = H°Tm (s) - H°298, J/g) to be 25nT /F.W., where n is the number of atoms per formula weight F.W., and Tm is the melting point in K. The heat of fusion is ~0.4 times the enthalpy at the melting point (H), and the heat of vaporization at the boiling point is ~7.6kH/n, where k is the number of moles of gas formed by one F.W. of the material. Enthalpies of the solid at the melting point, the liquid at the melting point, and the vapor at the boiling point are H, 1.4H, and (2.2 + 7.6k/n)H, respectively, each relative to H°298（s）. The estimation of other properties of refractories is also briefly considered.nSelected data on 17 properties of approximately 500 refractories have been tabulated. Enthalpies of the solid at the melting point and of the vapor at the boiling point, relative to the solid at 298 K, have been estimated for these refractories and included in the table of properties.