Measurement of the Present Activity Concentration in the Water of the Danube River (Determination of Sr 89, Sr 90 and Cs 137 and gamma Spectroscopy). Coordinated Programme on Radiological and Environmental Protection Studies in th

摘要

A monitoring system was developed which fulfills, as a compromise, a number of requirements. These are: sufficient sensitivity to assess the per caput and collective dose from water use in the Danube river; reasonable effort to carry out these measurements. The dose results mainly from natural radionuclides, although artificial radionuclides were also detected, and found to be more than two magnitudes lower than the natural external background. The origin of the artificial radionuclides was identified clearly as to be from nuclear fallout, although NPP were at least partly in operation upstream in the investigation period. This conclusion is proved by clear seasonal effects and simple constraints, e.g., the low activity actually released by NPP. The system can also be useful for assessment of radioecological parameters, e.g., the concentration of radionuclides in fish. (Atomindex citation 14:806272)