Present state-of-the-art of two-phase flow model calculations

摘要

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has developed two- and three-dimensional computer programs to predict hydrodynamics in complex fluid/solids systems including atmospheric and pressurized bubbling and circulating fluidized-bed combustors and gasifiers, concentrated suspension (slurry) piping systems and advanced particle-bed reactors for space-based applications, for example. The computer programs are based upon phenomenological mechanistic models and can predict frequency of bubble formation, bubble size and growth, bubble frequency and rise-velocity, solids volume fraction, gas and solids velocities and low dimension chaotic attracters. The results of these hydrodynamic calculations are used as inputs to mechanistic models to predict heat transfer and erosion and have been used to produce simplified models and guidelines to assist in design and scaling. An extensive coordinated effort involving industry, government, and university laboratory data has served to validate the various models. Babcock & Wilcox (B&W), in close collaboration with ANL, has developed the three dimensional FORCE2 computer program which is both transient as well as steady-state.