Developing a Tool Kit for the Assessment of Army Leadership Processes and Outcomes: Verson 1.0

摘要

This report provides a leadership performance measurement 'tool kit', or battery of measures that have been identified as 'best practices' for assessing leadership effectiveness, with special attention to effects in the context of organizational change. During an ARI/GMU sponsored workshop, military and civilian leadership researchers identified existing measures, assessment strategies, or measurement templates within a conceptual framework for organization of leadership assessment measures. The framework is organized along three dimensions: leadership processes and outcomes, organizational level, and level of analysis. Several measures were recommended and reviewed for inclusion based on several criteria (e.g., user-friendly, broad in scope, military face validity, documented research record with sound psychometric evidence). The resulting 15 assessment measures or templates with descriptions, summary of psychometric evaluations, application and source information, as well as references and suggested reading list are included. while measures were identified for each cell of the framework, leadership processes for lower, middle, and upper level leaders, targeting individual, dyad, and team levels of influence were strongly supported. Unit leadership at the upper level processes, however, received less assessment support. Further, the outcome measures lacked hardy behavioral measures. Recommendations for further research on assessment tools regarding these and organizational levels of analysis were suggested. Template measures, such as the observer/controller ratings, mission accomplishment, and readiness indices also require further research. Researchers using the measures in this tool kit are asked to facilitate continued development of the measures and the tool kit. This tool kit provides a basis for Army leadership research, further work is needed to expand and validate the leadership assessment measures.