Anopheles Vectors of Malaria in Southeast Asia.

摘要

The detection of strains of Plasmodium falciparum in SE Asia which are resistant to chloroquine and other synthetic antimalarial drugs has intensified research on all phases of malaria, including study of the Anopheles fauna of the area. In late 1965 the U. S. Army experienced a severe outbreak of malaria among troops operating in forested areas of Vietnam which were very similar to jungle habitats which have been investigated by entomologists of the U. S. Medical Research and Development Command in neighboring Thailand since 1963. In the latter areas, and presumably in much of Vietnam, Anopheles minimus and A. balabacensis are the most important vectors. The latter species is a particularly effective malaria vector in forested areas in much of SE Asia, but its habits were poorly known until recently. It is highly anthropophilic and bites freely in the jungle. Almost all of the personnel engaged in the investigations in Thailand contracted falciparum malaria despite prophylactic drugs and other protective measures. (Author)