Decontamination of Water Containing Chemical and Radiological Warfare Agents by Reverse Osmosis.

摘要

This report describes a study evaluating an advanced engineering development model 600gal/h Reverse Osmosis (RO) Water Purification Unit for decontaminating water containing chemical warfare (CW) and radiological warfare (RW) agents. The study was conducted in implementation of a ROC 'Family of Water Supply Equipment'approved by DA on 4March 1974defining the requirements for a multipurpose water purifier capable of providing potable water from polluted fresh water,seawater,brackish water,and water contaminated with chemical,biological,and radiological agents. Three different chemical agents (GB, VX,BZ) and three different radiological agents (131)I, (85) Sr, (134) Cs) were used. The RO unit was employed with two types of RO membrane:brackish water,dry storage,cellulose acetate (CA) membrane;and seawater,dry storage,polyamide (PA) membrane. The results of the study indicated that both membranes effectively removed turbidity,conductivity,color,alkalinity,hardness,and dissolved solids from water. In the case of the six CW and RW contaminants,the PA membrane proved to be consistently superior to the CA membrane. However,even the PA membrane was not always successful in reducing the contaminant concentration to Maximum,Permissible Concentration (MPC) or below.