Army Industrial Sludge Management Technologies: An Evaluation and Recommendationsfor Improvement

摘要

The industrial sludge generated by U.S. Army installations contains oil, grease,metals, and energetic compounds and is frequently classified as hazardous waste. The sludge management practices at four U.S. Army installations were studied to assess the current status of industrial waste treatment; to make recommendations for the improvement of current sludge management systems by applying proven technologies; and to determine future needs tor research and development of treatment technologies. Technologies and management techniques that can improve the Army's current industrial sludge management include: process water reuse, electrowinning, solvent recycling, inventory control, optimal chemical use, electrochemical precipitation, membrane separation, crystallization, and dewatering. This report makes specific recommendations for each installation. Promising and future technologies needing further development include: membrane separation for various applications, recycling and reuse technologies such as regeneration of activated carbon containing energetic waste, closed loop water treatment and reuse technologies, new generation sludge thickening and dewatering technologies, and biological treatment and separation of heavy metals.