A new light on the nature of light

摘要

The quantum theory and special relativity stand apart because their authors were admittedly unclear about the natures of light and the light propagating medium. However, a single experiment shows wave-quantum unity for low-intensity light and moving electrons. In the unified theory, light is emitted and absorbed as 0-spin sharmons composed of energy quantum hv and is propagated as a one-cycle electromagnetic pulse of length A and duration t=-1/v with a crest and a trough carrying energy quantum hv as a wave-quantum unity, as per the Poynting vector, in the physical sharmon medium contiguously via 1-spin sharmons, which do not physically move. It appears as quantum theory's wave-or-quantum duality for observing only one of the two characters at a time, not both. The sharmon medium is all-composing, all-pervading, and irremovable, ruling out absolute vacuum. It has 10~(15)sharmons/ cm~3; its intersharmon distance of 10~(-5)cm compares with the mean free path of real gases. A sharmon comprises a positive positrino and a negative negatrino-the two noncomposite, indivisible elements-of diameter 1.6 x 10~(-33) cm, electric charge 1.3729 x 10~(-30) esu, mass 2.596116 x 10~(-48)g, and spin 1/2. These two elements compose all forms of mass, energy, energy quanta like photons, and particles like quarks, leptons, and hadrons in the cosmos hence they are named cosminos. Particles can move faster than light. The Copenhagen interpretation of quantum theory is reviewed. The uncertainty principle is replaced by the new principle of null action, based on the conservation of mass-energy, momentum, and action. Lorentz transforms do not describe any natural motion. Contraction of space and dilatation of time are unrealistic demands on nature to fit the mathematics of special relativity. The constancy and invariance of light velocity c are explained, as are also the observed variability, superluminality, and subluminality, which invalidate relativity theories. The space-time continuum, the Higgs boson, and the conventional photon are nonexistent. A one-cycle electromagnetic pulse explains the photoelectric effect and the bending of light under gravity. The Michelson-Morley experiment got zero fringe shift, as light velocity in the sharmon medium entrained with the Earth is the same for both perpendicular interfering beams. Maxwell's equations are derived from the sharmon medium. A non-Doppler cosmological redshift supports a nonexpanding universe, contesting the conclusions of the 2011 Nobel laureates in physics.